Registration, vaccination, and sterilization of our pets.

The relationship between humans and companion animals has evolved considerably over the past decades, transforming from mere coexistence to a profound commitment to their welfare. In this context, Law 7/2023, of March 28, on the protection of the rights and welfare of animals (LBA), emerges as a legal milestone in Spain. Its main objective is to guarantee animal welfare and promote responsible pet ownership, addressing crucial aspects such as registration, vaccination, and sterilization. What exactly does this law entail and how does it affect those who own dogs, cats, or other pets?

Pet registration and identification: A duty and a guarantee.

One of the fundamental pillars of the LBA is the registration and identification of pets, a crucial measure for their protection and population control. As stipulated, all pets must be properly registered and identified. This group includes dogs, cats, ferrets, and birds, the latter being identified by ringing from birth.

The process of registration and identification, though seemingly straightforward, is of crucial importance in the lives of our pets. It begins with the implantation of a microchip, an electronic device the size of a grain of rice, which is placed under the animal’s skin, usually in the neck area. This task, which can only be performed by an authorized veterinarian, involves a quick and virtually painless procedure for the pet. The microchip contains a unique identification code, essential for linking the animal to its owner and providing vital information in case of loss or theft.

Once the microchip implantation is completed, the equally crucial step of registration in the corresponding Regional Registry of Companion Animals follows. This registration, which can be done in person or online, requires the presentation of the microchip implantation certificate and the relevant documentation of the owner. It is important to note that this documentation may vary by autonomous community, but generally includes personal details of the owner and specific characteristics of the animal, such as breed, color, and age.

Benefits and consequences of identification.

• Facilitation of recovery in cases of loss or theft: One of the biggest fears of any pet owner is the possibility that their furry friend gets lost or stolen. In such circumstances, identification via microchip becomes an invaluable tool. Containing detailed information about the animal and its contact details, the microchip significantly increases the chances of a quick and effective reunion if the pet goes astray. This rapid identification not only relieves the owner’s distress but also reduces the animal’s exposure time to potential dangers, such as traffic accidents or abuse.
• Better control of the animal population: The registration and identification of pets also play a crucial role in controlling the animal population. With accurate data on the number and location of pets in a given area, authorities can implement more effective population management policies. This includes sterilization and castration programs, responsible adoption campaigns, and disease prevention measures. Ultimately, better control of the animal population leads to a more harmonious coexistence between humans and pets, reducing incidents of abandonment and overpopulation.
• Compliance with legal requirements for international travel: In an increasingly globalized world, it is common for people to travel with their pets, whether for pleasure or necessity. In many cases, countries require proof of identification and vaccination to allow the entry of animals. By registering and identifying the pet according to local regulations, owners can avoid setbacks and ensure a trouble-free journey. This documentation can also be vital in emergency situations, such as urgent medical care during travel.
• Evidence of responsible ownership: The registration and identification of pets not only comply with a legal requirement but also serve as a testimony to the owner’s responsibility and commitment to their animal’s welfare. By demonstrating that measures have been taken to ensure the safety and care of the pet, owners reinforce their reputation as responsible guardians of animal life. This commitment to responsible ownership not only benefits the animal in question but also promotes a higher standard of care in society in general.

Consequences of non-compliance with the legal mandate.

While the benefits of pet identification are undeniable, failure to comply with this legal mandate can lead to severe consequences for owners. Administrative penalties for not properly registering and identifying a pet can range from warnings and monetary fines to more severe measures, such as the confiscation of the animal or the prohibition of future ownerships. In Spain, fines for non-compliance can reach up to 300 euros, depending on the severity of the infringement and local legal provisions.

Dog and cat vaccination: protocols and obligations.

Vaccination is an essential pillar in the care of our pets, providing vital protection against a variety of infectious diseases. The Animal Welfare Law (LBA) sets clear guidelines on mandatory and recommended vaccines for dogs and cats, thus ensuring their optimal health and welfare.

Mandatory vaccines:

• Dogs: The rabies vaccine is mandatory throughout Spanish territory, except in Catalonia and Galicia. This vaccine, essential to prevent the transmission of this deadly disease, must be administered by an authorized veterinarian and kept up to date according to the established vaccination schedule. It is important to note that if you travel with a dog to an autonomous community where vaccination is mandatory, the animal must be vaccinated against rabies, even if the owner is a resident of Catalonia or Galicia, where it is not mandatory.
• Cats: The application of the rabies vaccine may vary by autonomous community. In some regions, such as Galicia and Catalonia, this vaccine is not mandatory for cats. It is essential to consult with a local veterinarian to know the specific requirements of each area.

Recommended vaccines:

In addition to the mandatory vaccines, the administration of other vaccines is recommended to protect our pets from common and potentially deadly diseases. For dogs, these include:

• Leishmaniasis
• Canine Distemper
• Parvovirus
• Infectious Canine Hepatitis
• Leptospirosis
• Canine Parainfluenza

For cats, the following vaccines are suggested:

• Feline Panleukopenia (Feline Parvovirus)
• Feline Rhinotracheitis
• Feline Calicivirus

Vaccination schedule:

The recommended vaccination schedule may vary slightly depending on the region and local veterinary policies. However, in general terms, it is advised to follow a scheme that includes initial doses and annual boosters to maintain proper immunization. For example:

• Dogs:
  • At 6 weeks: First bivalent vaccine against distemper and parvovirus.
  • At 8 weeks: Polyvalent vaccine against various diseases.
  • At 12 weeks: Second dose of the polyvalent vaccine.
  • At 16 weeks: Third dose of the polyvalent vaccine and rabies vaccine.
  • Annual boosters.
• Cats:
  • At 2-3 months: First trivalent vaccine.
  • At 3-4 months: Second dose of the trivalent vaccine.
  • Annual boosters.

Places and costs of vaccination:

Vaccines must be administered by authorized veterinarians in veterinary clinics or animal health centers. Costs may vary depending on the vaccine and the region, with an approximate range of 30€ to 50€ per dose. It is advisable to consult with the trusted veterinarian for accurate cost information and to schedule vaccinations according to the recommended calendar.

Pet sterilization according to the law.

Pet sterilization is a crucial issue in the field of animal welfare, regulated by the Animal Welfare Law to ensure population control and reduce abandonment. For both cats and dogs, the LBA establishes clear guidelines on who should be sterilized and what the exceptions are.

Sterilization of cats:

Article 26 of the Animal Welfare Law (LBA) mandates the surgical sterilization of all domestic cats before the age of six months unless specific exceptions apply. These exceptions include cats registered as breeders and cats for zoosanitary purposes, such as those used in rodent control programs.

Cat sterilization is essential for controlling the feline population and reducing the number of abandonments. This surgical intervention, although mandatory, offers a number of additional health and welfare benefits for felines. In addition to preventing diseases related to the reproductive system, such as breast cancer and uterine disorders in females, and prostate problems in males, sterilization also helps mitigate unwanted behaviors, such as territorial marking, aggression, and the tendency to escape in search of a mate.

Cat sterilization is a relatively simple procedure that can be performed in veterinary clinics across the country. Additionally, in many cases, subsidized programs are available in some autonomous communities for owners with limited resources, facilitating compliance with this legal obligation and promoting responsible pet ownership.

Sterilization of dogs:

The Animal Welfare Law establishes mandatory sterilization for certain dogs in specific situations, such as those in adoption and those at risk of uncontrolled reproduction. This aims to control the canine population and prevent abandonment, while also providing health and behavioral benefits by reducing the risks of diseases and mitigating unwanted behaviors such as territorial aggression.

Sterilization can be performed in veterinary clinics nationwide and, in some cases, subsidized programs are available for owners with economic limitations. It is important to note that, for those owners who already have a dog, sterilization is not mandatory, but it is crucial to prevent their reproduction, under penalty of a fine, to comply with the law and promote responsible pet ownership.

Considerations before sterilization.

Before proceeding with sterilization, it is crucial to consult with a veterinarian to assess the animal’s health and receive guidance on the procedure and necessary postoperative care. Although sterilization is not mandatory for all dogs and cats, it is a responsible measure that contributes to animal welfare and population control.

Final considerations.

Pet sterilization is an important tool in promoting animal welfare and preventing abandonment. Through the implementation of the LBA and collaboration with veterinary professionals, we can ensure a safer and healthier coexistence between humans and animals. If you are considering having a pet, remember that sterilization is a responsible decision that benefits all involved.

The implementation of the Animal Welfare Law not only provides a clear guide on the registration, vaccination, and sterilization of our pets, but also responds to the concerns and needs of pet owners in Spain. We hope this article has clarified your questions and provided valuable information on how to comply with the legal provisions to ensure the welfare of your pets.

If you still have questions or concerns about these aspects of the law, do not hesitate to comment, and we will be delighted to help you. Your participation is fundamental to building a community committed to the responsible care of our furry friends. Together, we can ensure a safer and happier future for all pets.

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